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Scott Peterson

Scott Peterson

 

Scott Peterson: The Infamous Laci Peterson Case

On December 24, 2002, Laci Peterson, an eight-months-pregnant woman, vanished from her home in Modesto, California. Her disappearance sent shockwaves throughout the community and sparked a massive investigation that would ultimately lead to the arrest and conviction of her husband, Scott Peterson.

Scott Peterson, a 31-year-old fertilizer salesman at the time of his wife’s disappearance, was initially hailed as a devoted husband and expectant father. However, as the investigation unfolded, authorities discovered a web of deceit and lies that would ultimately unravel the very fabric of their seemingly perfect marriage.

Laci Peterson was last seen by her neighbor, Amy Hawley, on December 24th when she went for a morning jog around 6:00 am. She never returned home, and her husband reported her missing later that day. The police launched an investigation, but it wasn’t until weeks later that they discovered Laci’s pregnancy had been hidden from her family and friends.

The investigation led authorities to suspect Scott Peterson’s involvement in his wife’s disappearance. They discovered that he had been leading a double life, frequenting massage parlors and bars under an assumed identity. His alibi for the time of Laci’s disappearance was shaky at best, and his behavior seemed increasingly suspicious.

As the investigation continued, detectives uncovered evidence that pointed to Scott’s guilt. They found a pair of shoes near the San Francisco Bay Bridge that matched those Scott wore on the day of his wife’s disappearance. Further examination revealed that the shoes had been worn through a large puddle of water, consistent with the location where Laci’s body was later found.

In March 2003, Scott Peterson was arrested and charged with first-degree murder. The prosecution’s case against him was built on circumstantial evidence, including his lies to authorities, inconsistencies in his alibi, and the discovery of his mistress, Amber Frey. Frey, a massage therapist from Iowa, had become embroiled in an affair with Scott just weeks before Laci’s disappearance.

During the trial, prosecutors presented testimony from Frey and other witnesses who described Scott’s infidelity and lack of concern for his wife’s well-being. The prosecution also introduced evidence of Scott’s history of lying to authorities and his attempts to distance himself from Laci before her disappearance.

On March 16, 2005, the jury delivered a guilty verdict after deliberating for just over five hours. Scott Peterson was convicted of first-degree murder with special circumstances and sentenced to death.

The case against Scott Peterson raised questions about the manipulation of evidence and potential bias within the justice system. Many criticized the prosecution for relying too heavily on circumstantial evidence and for allegedly withholding information from the defense team. In response to these concerns, California Attorney General Jerry Brown called for an investigation into potential improprieties within the case.

Despite these criticisms, Scott Peterson remains incarcerated at San Quentin State Prison awaiting his execution by lethal injection. In recent years, there have been efforts to commute his sentence to life without parole due to concerns about potential prosecutorial misconduct.

The Laci Peterson case has had a lasting impact on crime victims’ rights and advocacy organizations. It has also served as a reminder of the devastating consequences of domestic violence and the importance of supporting survivors of abuse.

In conclusion, Scott Peterson’s case is a tragic example of how seemingly perfect marriages can mask underlying darkness and deceit. His conviction has brought some measure of justice to Laci’s family and friends but also raises important questions about the fairness of our criminal justice system.

Sources:

“The Trial of Scott Peterson” by Catherine Crier
“Laci: Inside the Shocking True Story of Love, Deceit & Murder” by Robert Stack
“The Case Against Scott Peterson” by Michael Tabor

Note: This article is based on publicly available information and court documents. The author does not claim to have access to confidential or privileged information related to the case.

Enforcement

Enforcement

Enforcement Strengthening Compliance and Upholding the Law

Enforcement plays a crucial role in ensuring compliance and upholding the law in various domains, including governmental regulations, corporate governance, and societal norms. It serves as a deterrent to potential wrongdoers, promotes fair competition, and safeguards the welfare of all stakeholders involved. This article explores the significance of enforcement, its key components, challenges, and the benefits it provides to society.

At its core, enforcement involves implementing and maintaining a system of rules and regulations. Without effective enforcement, laws and regulations lose their potency, rendering them meaningless. Enforcement is often carried out by regulatory bodies, law enforcement agencies, and judicial systems, depending on the specific context. These entities ensure that rules are respected, and actions taken against violators act as a deterrent for future misconduct.

One of the major components of enforcement is investigation. Authorities must thoroughly probe any potential violation, gathering evidence and testimonies to build a solid case. Investigations can be complex and require dedicated resources, expertise, and cooperation among different agencies to ensure a comprehensive and successful outcome. Once an investigation is complete, enforcement agencies move forward with prosecution and legal action against the offenders.

Challenges faced in the enforcement process are plentiful. A significant obstacle is the detection of violations. Wrongdoers often employ various tactics to hide their actions, making it difficult for enforcement agencies to uncover their wrongdoings. Additionally, resource constraints can hinder the effectiveness of enforcement, resulting in limited investigations and weak penalties for violations. It is essential for enforcement bodies to address these challenges by adopting innovative approaches, harnessing technological advancements, and raising public awareness regarding compliance.

The benefits of strong enforcement are far-reaching. First and foremost, it promotes fairness by ensuring a level playing field where all individuals and organizations comply with regulations and operate within the prescribed boundaries. This, in turn, fosters healthy competition, prevents market monopolies, and enhances consumers’ trust and confidence.

Enforcement also has a considerable impact on public safety and security. For instance, law enforcement agencies play a vital role in apprehending criminals, maintaining order, and safeguarding communities. Strict enforcement of traffic rules reduces road accidents and ensures the well-being of drivers, passengers, and pedestrians.

Moreover, enforcement contributes to building a reputation of trust and integrity. Governments and organizations that prioritize and actively enforce stringent regulations demonstrate their commitment to ethical practices and responsible governance. This, in turn, attracts foreign investment, strengthens the economy, and enhances a nation’s standing on the global stage.

To further strengthen enforcement, collaboration between different stakeholders is crucial. Governments, regulatory bodies, industry associations, and civil society organizations must work hand-in-hand to create a conducive environment for compliance. This includes providing necessary resources, enhancing legislation, ensuring regular inspections, and establishing mechanisms to report violations.

In conclusion, enforcement is a critical pillar in upholding the law and ensuring compliance across various domains. It acts as a deterrent, promotes fairness, safeguard public safety, and contributes to the overall well being of society. Addressing challenges and continuously improving enforcement mechanisms will ensure a more equitable and just society for all stakeholders involved.

Bruce Rappaport

Bruce Rappaport

 


Bruce Rappaport

 

Bruce Rappaport, who died in 2010, was a controversial international banker and philanthropist associated with a number of criminal investigations. He primarily was associated with activities which occurred in Antigua, known as a tax haven for illicit transactions, and was often associated with the nation's controversial prime minister Lester Bird.

 

in 1983, Bruce Rappaport founded the Swiss American Bank Ltd. in Antigua. This institution was sued in 1999 by the United States government on behalf of John E. Fitzgerald, a financier who had agreed to a plea bargain in return for testifying about laundering $7 million through the bank. The lawsuit alleged that rather than returning the funds to the United States, Swiss American Bank Ltd. distributed the funds between payments to the government of Antigua and Barbados, as well as a sum entered into a privately held account in the Bank of Barbados. This legal action against Bruce Rappaport did not proceed.

 

In 2006, Bruce Rappaport was sued by the government of Antigua and Barbados for criminal offenses dating back to 1984, when the government contracted with the Japanese company IHI for the construction of a power plant and another desalination plant. Subsequently, the government was unable to maintain its payments for this contract, as well as two separate debts to the companies Foster Wheeler and Credit Suisse.

 

In response, in March 1990 Bruce Rappaport was placed in charge of making the appropriate payments, and was reauthorized in November 1996 to renegotiate the terms of the loans. It was agreed that Bruce Rappaport's company IHI Debt Settlement Company would would receive a monthly payment of $403,334 for 25 years for the purposes of paying all debts. At this time, another Bruce Rappaport company — the West Indies Oil Company — was granted an extension on its monopoly right to import oil into Antigua and Barbados.

 

A government investigation which began in 1997 determined that between December 1996 and January 1996, the payments collected by Bruce Rappaport were greatly in excess of what was owed to IHI and other debt payments. A complicated series of financial transfers placed excess sums totaling $14,414,904 were deposited in a number of bank accounts, including one maintained in Miami.

 

As a result, in 2006 the government of Antigua and Barbados obtained an injunction in Miami court freezing the transfer of all assets from the Miami bank. The lawsuit was dropped when Bruce Rappaport agreed to make a payment of $12 million to the government of Antigua and Barbados in return for immunity from prosecution.

 

Bruce Rappaport was a subject of interest in a number of other investigations concerning corruption and misappropriation of funds. For example, in 1999 a lawsuit was filed against the Bank of New York-InterMaritime as part of a larger investigation regarding the money laundering of some $10 billion, primarily in money obtained by Russian criminal enterprises.

Proceedings

Proceedings

Proceedings: A Comprehensive Overview

Proceedings refer to a formal record of the activities and discussions that take place during a conference, meeting, or another type of gathering. It serves as a valuable source of information for participants, researchers, and anyone interested in the event’s proceedings. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of proceedings, highlighting their purpose, structure, and significance.

Purpose of Proceedings

The primary purpose of proceedings is to document everything that occurs during an event. It captures the various presentations, discussions, debates, and decisions made by participants. Proceedings play a critical role in ensuring transparency, accountability, and knowledge sharing within professional communities and academic fields.

Furthermore, proceedings act as a permanent record of the event, allowing participants to refer back to the discussions and materials presented. They serve as a valuable resource for those who were unable to attend the event but want to gain insight into its content.

Structure of Proceedings

The structure of proceedings may vary depending on the type of event and its organizers. However, there are some common elements that most proceedings include.

1. Title and Front Matter: The proceedings typically begin with a cover page containing the event title, date, and location. This is followed by a table of contents and a foreword or introductory message from the organizers.

2. Abstracts or Summaries: A collection of abstracts or summaries of the presentations or papers included in the proceedings is usually provided. These brief summaries offer a glimpse into the content and overarching themes of the event.

3. Full-length Papers or Presentations: The heart of the proceedings lies in the inclusion of the full-length papers, presentations, or poster abstracts. These materials serve as a comprehensive record of the research, findings, and ideas shared during the event.

4. Q&A and Discussion: If applicable, proceedings may include transcripts or summaries of the question-and-answer sessions and discussions that occurred following each presentation. This allows readers to gain a deeper understanding of the topics discussed and the viewpoints expressed.

Significance of Proceedings

Proceedings hold great significance for various stakeholders involved in an event. Here are a few reasons why proceedings are so vital:

1. Knowledge Sharing: Proceedings provide a platform for experts and researchers to share their work, insights, and findings with a wider audience. This facilitates the exchange of knowledge, promotes collaboration, and advances the field.

2. Research and Scholarship: For researchers, proceedings act as a valuable resource for identifying the latest trends, methodologies, and ideas within their specific domain. They help scholars stay up-to-date with advancements and contribute to the existing body of knowledge.

3. Archival Value: Proceedings serve as an archival record of an event, ensuring that the information and discussions are preserved for future reference. This allows for historical analysis, retrospective studies, and benchmarking against previous events.

4. Validation and Recognition: Having one’s work published in proceedings adds credibility and validation to a researcher’s efforts. It showcases their research to a wider audience and gives them recognition within their field.

Conclusion

Proceedings are an indispensable part of conferences, meetings, and gatherings of all kinds. Their purpose is to document, preserve, and disseminate the knowledge and discussions that occur during these events. By providing a comprehensive record of presentations and discussions, they facilitate knowledge sharing, promote research and scholarship, and contribute to the advancement of various fields. Proceedings serve as a lasting legacy, ensuring that the valuable information shared during an event continues to benefit the broader community.

Abul Manzoor

Abul Manzoor

 

Abul Manzoor

Abul Manzoor was a member of the Bangladeshi military who was part of a group of rebels responsible for the assassination of Bangladeshi president Ziaur Rahman in 1981.

 

Abul Manzoor was a career military officer whose friendship with Ziaur Rahman dating back to 1971. At that time, both men were involved in the 9-month Liberation war of Bangladesh, which was then known as East Pakistan. Subsequently, Ziaur Rahman was the founder of the Bangladesh National Party. In the wake of the formation of Bangladesh, a series of power struggles ensued.

 

A dispute emerged in 1977 over who should be appointed to the position of Cheif of Staff of the Bangladeshi army. While Abul Manzoor felt that he should be appointed to this position, Mir Shawkat Ali had seniority over him. Ziaur Rahman grew disgusted with both men's actions and instead appointed Hussain Muhammed Ershad to the position in 1978,

 

Subsequently, Ershad transferred Abul Manzoor to Dhaka. As a result, the infuriated Abul Manzoor decided to lead a coup attempt and led a group of rebel soldiers in the assassination of Ziaur Rahman, which occurred on May 30, 1981. The actual execution of the president was committed by another soldier, Matiur Rahman.

 

In response, Ershad ordered that the army apprehend the killers and arrest them. Abul Manzoor attempted to escape but was apprehended by the police. Upon his capture, he requested that he be put in police custody pending a trial, fearing that members of the army would otherwise kill him. The army caught up with Abul Manzoor after he had been put into a police van. Though the exact circumstances of his death are unclear, it is generally agreed that Abul Manzoor was shot by military members.

Restitution

Restitution

Restitution: Righting the Wrongs

When harm is done, it is only fair that the person who caused the harm takes responsibility and tries to make amends. This is the underlying principle behind the concept of restitution. Restitution refers to the act of restoring, compensating, or making things right for the harm caused to someone or something.

Restitution can take various forms, depending on the nature and extent of the harm. It can involve financial compensation, returning stolen or damaged property, or providing services to the affected party. The purpose of restitution is not just to punish the wrongdoer but also to restore the victim to their original position before the harm occurred.

At its core, restitution is about fairness and justice. It recognizes that when someone is wronged, the balance of justice is disrupted, and efforts must be made to restore that balance. It holds the person responsible for the harm accountable for their actions and encourages them to take responsibility and make amends.

In the legal context, restitution is often a component of criminal sentencing. It can be ordered by a judge as a way for the offender to compensate the victim for their losses. This may involve reimbursing the victim for medical expenses, property damage, or stolen goods. In some cases, the offender may be required to provide restitution in the form of community service or counseling to address the harm caused.

Restitution is not limited to the criminal justice system. It can also be sought in civil cases, where a person or entity is sued for damages caused by their actions. In these cases, the goal is to restore the victim to their pre-harm condition, which may include compensating them for financial losses, emotional distress, or physical injuries.

Restitution is not just a legal concept—it also exists on a moral and ethical level. In our everyday lives, when we cause harm to others, whether intentionally or unintentionally, it is our responsibility to make things right. This could involve apologizing, offering assistance, or taking steps to rectify the situation. Restitution is not only about compensating for material losses but also acknowledging the emotional pain and suffering caused by our actions.

The importance of restitution goes beyond individual cases. It contributes to the overall well-being of society by promoting accountability and deterring future harm. When wrongdoers are held responsible for their actions through restitution, it sends a message that harmful behavior will not be tolerated. It also provides closure and a sense of justice for the victims.

Restitution is not a perfect solution, and it cannot completely undo the harm caused. However, it is a crucial step towards repairing the damage and restoring justice. It recognizes the rights and needs of the victims while allowing the wrongdoers to redeem themselves. By making restitution a fundamental part of our legal and moral systems, we can work towards a fairer and more just society.

DWI

DWI

What is a DWI?
A DWI is a criminal offense that involves the operation of a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or drugs.  Many states will have laws that differ on the definition of a DWI, but generally, a Blood Alcohol Concentration of .08 will be sufficient to establish a DWI.
How does alcohol affect the operation of a vehicle?
Although the BAC level will depend on a number of factors, including the size of person and type of alcohol consumed, there are some general benchmarks as to how the body responds at certain levels of intoxication.
.02 – altered judgment, relaxation that prevents the individual from multitasking
.05 – lack of focus, relaxation that causes a lack of alertness or coordination
.08 – heavily impaired judgment, memory loss, poor perception
.1 – heavily impaired thinking, difficulty keeping movements controlled
.15 – impaired thinking and judgment, physical illness, no coordination
Are certain alcohols safer to drink to avoid a DWI?
No.  One should assume that every alcoholic beverage would impair them.  Alcohol affects individuals in different ways, although it universally impacts judgments and muscle control.  Different types of alcohol will have different concentrations of alcohol and one cannot readily estimate, even with typical benchmarks how high their BAC level will be after consuming alcohol.  It is best to avoid alcohol altogether when driving, so as to ensure you do not receive a DWI.
What are typical penalties for a DWI?
A first DUI offense can carry penalties as severe as 30 months in jail, a fines ranging from $500 – $5,000 dollars and a one year license suspension.  Some states may require additional fines paid to be paid into a DUI victim’s trust fund.  These penalties escalate with each offense, with minimum jail time, and breathalyzer ignition locks on the violator’s car.  States such as New York may impose stiffer penalties if there is a minor in the car while the driver is intoxicated.  A good DWI lawyer is necessary in this case to lessen the more severe punishments and present a reasonable case for your innocence, or at least to lessen liability.  Having DWI charges dismissed is a rarity and one should not expect this when going to court, unless there is clear cut evidence of police wrongdoing or a lack of admissible evidence.

Finding a DWI lawyer
When seeking a DUI/DWI lawyer, be sure of the circumstances surrounding the charges.  You will need to present the police report and your account of the situation to the DUI/DWI lawyer.  Only then can the DUI/DWI lawyer help you build a possible defense.  At the very least, the DUI/DWI layer will be able to accompany you to your administrative hearing to serve as your advocate and circumnavigate potentially complicated DUI/DWI laws.  If you do not request an administrative hearing, you may lose your license under state law, which is why you should consult a DUI/DWI lawyer before taking another action related to your case.  Expect a DWI lawyer to charge a retainer fee, hourly fee or both, depending on your circumstances.  Understand that these cases are not always successful and your DWI lawyer may have a difficult if not impossible time winning a favorable outcome based on your actions.

Gamer Hacked and Disabled New Hampshire Servers

Gamer Hacked and Disabled New Hampshire Servers


On November 15, 2012, the Department of Justice announced that a Dutch national was indicted by a federal grand jury in the District of New Hampshire after he conspired to hack into and disable servers belonging to Rampid Interactive.  The company is based out of New Hampshire, and it hosts an online game called “Outwar.”


The defendant’s name is Anil Kheda, and he is charged with one count of conspiracy to commit computer intrusion and one count of extortionate interstate threats.  


According to the indictment, Kheda and other members of the conspiracy hacked into the computer systems of Rampid without authorization from November 2007 to August 2008.  The conspirators caused the game to become unplayable for several days at a time.  They were able to gain access to user accounts, restore accounts for suspended players, and obtain a copy of the computer code for “Outwar.”  


From the computer code, the conspirators were then able to create an online game called “Outcraft” that competed with “Outwar.”  Throughout the infiltration into Rampid’s system, the conspirators also sent messages that stated they would continue to hack into the systems unless Rampid paid them money and provided other benefits.  


Rampid could not operate “Outwar” for a total of two weeks because of the hacking.  They lost $100,000 in the process after it had invested $1.5 million to create the game in the first place.  Kheda was able to make $10,000 off the “Outcraft,” and he had about 10,000 players worldwide participating in the game.  


He now faces up to five years in prison for the conspiracy charge and two years in prison for the threats.  The Justice Department has not released any information about the maximum amount of fines.  


The FBI investigated the case against Kheda.  


Source: Department of Justice

Two Charged in “Bonnie and Clyde” Style Bank Robbery

Two Charged in “Bonnie and Clyde” Style Bank Robbery


The days of armed bank robberies by husband and wife are far from over.  On November 7, 2012, the US Attorney’s Office for the District of New Mexico reported that Robert O’Dell Neihart and his wife, Denise Myrick, were charged for armed bank robbery.  They were indicted on October 23, 2012.  


The indictment indicates that Neihart and Myrick robbed the Wells Fargo Bank on 4601 Main Street in Farmington, New Mexico on September 21, 2012.  The indictment also specifies that Neihart used a firearm, pointed the firearm at a bank customer, and discharged the weapon after the robbery.  


Around 4:00 p.m. on September 21, 2012, Neihart entered the bank and gave a note to the bank teller demanding cash.  Neihart proceeded to place the cash in a bag and left the bank with the bag.  A bank customer followed Neihart into the parking lot, and Neihart pointed the gun at him.  


He then climbed into a black truck with Myrick at the wheel.  Neihart eventually climbed into the driver’s seat a short distance away, and a high-speed chase started around Aztec, New Mexico.  The chase continued all the way into Colorado.  Neihart fired shots at a San Juan County Sheriff’s Department vehicle, but nobody was injured.  The two defendants were arrested when they arrived to their residence in Ignacio.  


Each of the defendants now faces up to 25 years in prison for the bank robbery charge.  The charge for using a firearm during the crime comes with a mandatory 10 years in prison, and the sentence will be served consecutively with the bank robbery charge.  


The investigation was led by the FBI, the Farmington Police Department, the San Juan County Sheriff’s Office, the La Plata County Sheriff’s Department, and the U.S. Marshals Service.  


Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation

Date Rape

Date Rape

What is date rape?

Date rape is a term that covers any non-consensual sex where the victim is raped by an acquaintance.  Date rape can be facilitated through the use of drugs that cause amnesia, numbness and unconsciousness, which carries harsh penalties that carry penalties of up to 20 years in prison.  Date rape is a serious offense and the failure to obtain proper consent before engaging in sexual intercourse puts an individual at risk of date rape charges, such the victim realize the circumstances that the intercourse took place under.
What is the role of drugs in date rape?
Common drugs associated with date rape include Rohypnol, GHB and Ketamine.
Rohypnol – this is a very potent drug that is to be used as a muscle relaxant.  It is useful for date rapists as it also induces amnesia.  This drug is illegal in the United States and simple possession carries mandatory punishments in several jurisdictions.  Despite mainstream knowledge of Rohypnol as a potential date rape drug, its actual use in date rape cases has been proven to be limited in favor of other drugs
GHB – this drug is very dangerous as victims will be usually unaware that they have ingested the drug.  The drug is almost tasteless and easily masked in several beverages.  GHB is typically used to prevent sleepiness and narcolepsy as well as serving as an anesthetic.  Like Rohypnol, this can cause amnesia in the victims and is difficult to detect in testing.  This drug is legal in the US for certain uses but obviously, with use in a date rape case, this carries very stiff criminal penalties.
Ketamine – this is a human and animal anesthetic that is typically abused as a recreational drug.  The use of this drug can cause confusion, numbness and shifts in the user’s perception.  Despite the widespread use of Ketamine in hospitals, Ketamine can be misused to make a victim compliant in a date rape situation.
The use of any drug to bypass the consent of a sexual partner is illegal and is subject to very stiff criminal penalties. 
What are other forms of date rape?
The coercion through threats and forcing sex through duress are also forms of date rape.  If the victim is otherwise unwilling to engage in sexual intercourse, but is compelled to do so through threats, then that is considered date rape.  This is especially the case in interfamilial date rape when a relative, usually older, compels a relative to engage in intercourse by abusing authority derived from age, family or cultural traditions.  Different states will have different definitions of consent and duress.
What are the penalties for date rape?
Date rape laws vary by state, necessitating the need for the accused to retain a lawyer.  The date rape lawyer will be able explain the laws of the jurisdiction as well as additional penalties for the use of drugs in the attack and crimes of opportunity.  Even when the accused is innocent, a date rape lawyer is necessary critique the accuser’s claims and establish an alibi.
Being Aware of Date Rape


Date rape is the action of sexual intercourse or other types of sex without mutual consent between two acquaintances. Date rape is often accompanied by the use of emotional blackmail, physical or verbal threats, drugs, or alcohol.
In 96% of reported rape cases, the attacker is a male, with many of them being between the ages of 17 to 30. In the case of date rape, the attacker can be:
A new acquaintance
Boyfriend or ex-boyfriend
A coworker
A friend
Date rape crimes are often facilitated by the use of date rape drugs. In 1996, President Bill Clinton approved the Drug-Induced Rape Prevention and Punishment Act. This bill set up penalties for use of certain drugs with the intention of committing certain violent acts, such as rape. More specifically, the act created special penalties for the use of Rohypnol, a common date rape drug, giving them the same penalties as those of a Schedule I controlled substance.
These date rape drugs are often colorless, odorless, and tasteless, making them easy to hide in a drink. They can cause an individual to feel weak, confused, light-headed, drowsy, uninhibited, or less coordinated. Often blackouts and loss of consciousness are associated to these drugs.
The three most common date rape drugs include:
Rohypnol
o Also known as Rib, Roofies, Roopies, Whiteys, Mexican Valium, or Circles
o Comes as a pill that are either small, circular, and white or green-gray and oval
o While the older ones dissolve clearly in liquids, the newer ones turn clear liquids bright blue while darker drugs become less opaque
o Takes effect within a half an hour and can last for many hours
o Symptoms include nausea, muscle relation, difficulty with motor coordination, dizziness, confusion, drunk feeling, stomach problems, low blood pressure
GHB
o Also known as Cherry Meth, G, Liquid E, Liquid Ecstasy, PM, or Vita-G
o Can come as a odorless and colorless liquid, pill, or a white powder
o Some may make a drink slightly salty, but most drinks mask the taste
o Takes effect within 15 minutes, can last up to 4 hours
o Symptoms include nausea drowsiness, relaxation, blacking out, tremors, breathing problems, vomiting, slow heart rate, sweating, dream-like state
Ketamine
o Also known as Jet, Cat Valium, Green, Purple, Kit Kat, Special K, Super Acid
o Comes in a clear liquid or white powder
o Very quick acting
o Symptoms include out of body experiences, convulsions, distorted sound and sight perception, dream-like feeling, depression, numbness, memory problems, elevated blood pressure, aggressive behavior, slurred speech
Many of these date rape drugs are also known as club drugs since they are often used at concerts, dance clubs, and raves. While some of these drugs have legal medicinal purposes, they are intended for date rape. Rohypnol is not legal in the United States, but is in Mexico and Europe. Ketamine and GHB are both legal, are controlled substances.

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